1. Inqubo yokusebenza yokubhukha ibhizinisi lesitsha se-LCL
(1) Umthumeli uthumela ngefeksi inothi lomthwalo ku-NVOCC, futhi inothi lomthwalo kufanele libonise: umthumeli, umthumeli, azise, indawo ethile lapho uya khona, inombolo yezingcezu, isisindo esiphelele, usayizi, imibandela yempahla (ekhokhelwa kusengaphambili, ikhokhwe ekuletheni, okwesithathu- inkokhelo yeqembu), kanye negama lezimpahla , usuku lokuthumela nezinye izidingo.
(2) I-NVOCC yabela umkhumbi ngokuvumelana nezidingo kumthethosivivinywa womthwalo womthumeli, futhi ithumele isaziso sokwabiwa komkhumbi kumthumeli, okungukuthi, isaziso sokudiliva.Isaziso sokusabalalisa umkhumbi sizokhombisa igama lomkhumbi, inombolo yohambo, inombolo yomthwalo, ikheli lokulethwa, inombolo yokuxhumana, umuntu othintana naye, isikhathi sakamuva sokulethwa, nesikhathi sokungena echwebeni, futhi sidinga umthumeli ukuba alethe izimpahla ngokusho kolwazi. enikeziwe.Ifike ngaphambi kwesikhathi sokulethwa.
(3) Isimemezelo seCustoms.
(4) I-NVOCC ithumela ifeksi ukuqinisekiswa kwe-bill of lading kumthumeli, futhi umthumeli uyacelwa ukuthi aqinisekise ukubuyisela ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa, ngaphandle kwalokho kungase kuthinte ukukhishwa okuvamile kwebhilidi yokuthutha.Ngemva kokuhamba ngomkhumbi, i-NVOCC izokhipha umthethosivivinywa wokulayisha phakathi nosuku olulodwa lokusebenza ngemva kokuthola ukuqinisekiswa kwebhili yokulayisha yomthumeli, futhi ikhokhe izinkokhelo ezifanele.
(5) Ngemuva kokuthi izimpahla sezithunyelwe, i-NVOCC kufanele inikeze ulwazi lwe-ejensi yechweba kanye nolwazi lokwabiwa kwangaphambili kohambo lwesibili kumthumeli, futhi umthumeli angaxhumana nechweba okuyiwa kulo ukuze athole imvume yenkambiso kanye nokulethwa kwezimpahla ngokusho kolwazi olufanele.
2. Izinkinga okufanele zinakwe ku-LCL
I-1) Impahla ye-LCL ngokuvamile ayikwazi ukucacisa inkampani ethile yokuthumela
2) I-LCL bill of lading ngokuvamile ibhili yokuthutha impahla (housc B/L)
3) Izinkinga zenkokhelo yempahla ye-LCL
Ukukhokhiswa kwempahla ye-LCL kubalwa ngokwesisindo nosayizi wezimpahla.Lapho izimpahla zilethwa endaweni yokugcina impahla eqokwe umdluliseli ukuthi igcinwe, indawo yokugcina impahla ngokuvamile izokalwa kabusha, futhi usayizi okalwe kabusha nesisindo kuzosetshenziswa njengezinga lokushaja.
3. Umehluko phakathi kwe-ocean bill of lading kanye ne-proight forwarding bill of lading
I-English of the ocean bill of lading yi-master (noma ocean or liner) bill of loading, ebizwa ngokuthi i-MB/L, ekhishwa inkampani yemikhumbi.IsiNgisi somthethosivivinywa wokuthumela impahla yindlu (noma i-NVOCC) umthethosivivinywa wokulayisha, obizwa nge-HB/L, okhishwe isithombe senkampani ethumela impahla
4. Umehluko phakathi kwe-FCL bill of lading kanye ne-LCL bill of lading
Kokubili i-FCL ne-LCL zinezimfanelo eziyisisekelo ze-bill of lading, njengomsebenzi wamarisidi wempahla, ubufakazi benkontileka yokuthutha, kanye nesitifiketi setayitela.Umehluko phakathi kwalokhu okubili umi kanje.
1) Izinhlobo ezahlukene zezikweletu zokulayisha
Lapho uthumela i-FCL ngolwandle, umthumeli angacela i-MB/L (i-sea bill of lading) ibhili yomnikazi womkhumbi, noma i-HB/L (ibhili yokuthutha impahla) yempahla, noma kokubili.Kodwa ku-LCL ngolwandle, lokho umthumeli angakuthola yibhili yempahla.
2) Indlela yokudlulisa ihlukile
Izindlela eziyinhloko zokudlulisa impahla yeziqukathi zasolwandle yilezi:
(1) I-FCL-FCL (ukulethwa kwesiqukathi esigcwele, ukuxhunywa kwesitsha esigcwele, okubizwa nge-FCL).Ukuthumela i-FCL empeleni kukuleli fomu.Le ndlela yokudlulisa iyona evame kakhulu futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu.
(2) I-LCL-LCL (ukulethwa kwe-LCL, uxhumano lokuvula, olubizwa ngokuthi i-LCL).Ukuthumela i-LCL empeleni ikuleli fomu.Umthumeli uletha izimpahla enkampanini ye-LCL (i-consolidator) ngesimo sempahla eyinqwaba (LCL), futhi inkampani ye-LCL inesibopho sokupakisha;i-ejenti yechweba yansuku zonke yenkampani ye-LCL inomthwalo wemfanelo wokuthulula nokuthulula, bese kuba ngesimo sempahla eyinqwaba iye kumthumeli wokugcina.
(3) I-FCL-LCL (ukulethwa kwesitsha esigcwele, ukuxhuma ukuqaqa, okubizwa nge-FCL).Isibonelo, umthumeli unenqwaba yezimpahla, eyanele isiqukathi esisodwa, kodwa le nqwaba yezimpahla izosatshalaliswa kubathumeli abaningi abahlukene ngemva kokufika esikhumulweni semikhumbi lapho kuyiwa khona.Ngalesi sikhathi, ingathunyelwa ngendlela ye-FCL-LCL.Umthumeli uletha izimpahla kumthwali ngendlela yeziqukathi ezigcwele, bese inkampani ethwala impahla noma ethumela impahla ikhipha ama-oda amaningi ahlukene noma amancane ngokuya ngama-consignees ahlukene;i-ejenti yetheku okuyiwa kuyo yomthwali noma inkampani ehambisa impahla inesibopho sokuthulula, Ukuthulula izimpahla, ukuhlukanisa izimpahla ngokwabathumeli abahlukahlukene, bese izinikeza othunyelelwayo wokugcina ngendlela yempahla eyinqwaba.Le ndlela isetshenziswa kumthumeli oyedwa ohambisana nabathumeli abaningi.
(4) I-LCL-FCL (ukulethwa kwe-LCL, ukulethwa kwe-FCL, okubizwa ngokuthi ukulethwa kwe-LCL).Abathumeli abaningi banikeza umthuthi izimpahla ngendlela yempahla eyinqwaba, futhi inkampani ethwala impahla noma ethumela impahla iqoqa izimpahla zomthumeli ofanayo ndawonye futhi izihlanganisele ezitsheni ezigcwele;Ifomu linikezwa umamukeli wokugcina.Le ndlela isetshenziselwa abathumeli abaningi abahambisana nabathumeli ababili.
I-FCL-FCL (igcwele-ngokugcwele) noma i-CY-CY (indawo-kuya-kwisayithi) ivamise ukukhonjiswa kubhili yomnikazi womkhumbi we-FCL noma wempahla, futhi i-CY indawo lapho i-FCL iphathwa, inikezwa, igcinwa futhi igcinwe.
I-LCL-LCL (ukuhlanganiswa ukuze kuhlanganiswe) noma i-CFS-CFS (isiteshi-kuya-esiteshini) ngokuvamile ikhonjiswe kubhili yempahla ye-LCL.I-CFS isebenzisana nezimpahla ze-LCL, okuhlanganisa i-LCL, ukupakisha, ukuqaqa nokuhlunga, Indawo yokunikezelwa.
3) Ukubaluleka kwamamaki kuhlukile
Uphawu lokuthumela lwesitsha esigcwele alubalulekile kangako futhi ludingekile, ngoba yonke inqubo yezokuthutha kanye neyokunikezela isekelwe esitsheni, futhi akukho ukupakisha noma ukusatshalaliswa phakathi.Yiqiniso, lokhu kuhlobene nezinhlangothi ezithintekayo ohlelweni lwezokuthutha.Mayelana nokuthi umthumeli wokugcina uyalukhathalela yini uphawu lokuthumela, akuhlangene nempahla.
Uphawu lwe-LCL lubaluleke kakhulu, ngoba izimpahla zabathumeli abaningi abahlukene zabelana ngesitsha esisodwa, futhi izimpahla zixutshwa ndawonye.Izimpahla zidinga ukuhlukaniswa ngamamaki okuthumela.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-07-2023
