01. Ujwayelene nendlela yokuhamba
"Kuyadingeka ukuqonda indlela yokuhamba olwandle." Isibonelo, emachwebeni e-European, yize izinkampani eziningi zokuthumela zinomehluko phakathi kwamachweba ayisisekelo namachweba angewona ayisisekelo, umehluko ezinkokhisweni zezindleko okungenani aphakathi kwama-100 e-US Dollars. Kodwa-ke, ukwahlukaniswa kwezinkampani ezahlukahlukene zokuthumela kuzohluka. Ukwazi ukwahlukaniswa kwezinkampani ezahlukahlukene kungathola izinga lokuthwala impahla echwebeni eliyisisekelo ngokukhetha inkampani yezokuhamba.
Kwesinye isibonelo, kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhamba zamachweba ogwini olusempumalanga ye-United States: amanzi agcwele amanzi nebhuloho lomhlaba, kanye nomehluko wamanani phakathi kwalokhu okubili amadola ambalwa. Uma ungahlangabezani nesheduli yokuthumela, ungacela inkampani yokuthumela ngendlela ephelele yamanzi.
02. Hlela ngokucophelela uhambo lokuhamba kokuqala
Kunezindleko ezahlukahlukene zabanikazi bezimpahla ezinkomboni eMkhathini ukuthi bakhethe izindlela ezihlukile zokuhamba ze-Inland. "Ngokuvamile ngikhuluma, intengo yokuhamba kwezitimela iyona eshibhile, kepha izinqubo zokulethwa kanye nokuthathwa ziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi kufanelekile ama-oda isikhathi esilula nesilula, futhi intengo iyashesha, futhi intengo iyashesha kakhulu, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane, futhi intengo ibiza kancane. "Ibiza kakhulu ngendlela engcono kakhulu yokulayisha ngqo isitsha efektri noma yokugcina impahla, elungele kuphela lezo zinto ezintekenteke ezingakulungeli ukulayisha nokulayisha okuningi."
Ngaphansi kwesimo se-FOB, kuhilela nelungiselelo lokuhamba lokuqala lokuhamba ngaphambi kokuthumela. Abantu abaningi baye baba nesipiliyoni esingathandeki: ngaphansi kwamagama we-FOB, izindleko zangaphambi kokuhambisa zidida kakhulu futhi azibi nemithetho. Ngoba yinkampani yokuthumela eqokwe ngumthengi ohambweni lwesibili, i-Consignor ayinakho ukukhetha.
Izinkampani ezahlukahlukene zokuthumela zinezincazelo ezihlukile zalokhu. Abanye bafuna umnikazi ukuthi akhokhe zonke izindleko ngaphambi kokuthumela: Imali yokupakisha, imali yedokodo, imali ye-trailer; Okunye kuphela okudinga ukukhokha imali ye-trailer kusuka endaweni yokugcina izimpahla edokodo kudokodo; Abanye badinga ama-surcharges ahlukile kwimali ye-trailer ngokuya ngendawo yokugcina izimpahla. . Lokhu kushaja kuvame ukwedlula isabelomali sezindleko zemithwalo lapho ucaphuna ngaleso sikhathi.
Isixazululo ukuqinisekisa namakhasimende iphuzu lokuqala lezindleko zawo womabili amaqembu ngaphansi kwemigomo ye-FOB. Umkhumbi uzoba nokugcizelela ukuthi umthwalo wokulethwa kwezimpahla uye endaweni yokugcina izimpahla usuphelile. Ngokuqondene nemali yokudonsa kusuka endaweni yokugcina izimpahla e-terminal, imali ekhokhwayo, njll. Zonke zifakiwe ezimfuleni zasolwandle zohambo lwesibili futhi zikhokhelwa yi-condunay.
Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, lapho uxoxisana nge-oda, zama ukwenza isivumelwano kuma-CIF yimibandela ye-CIF, ukuze isinyathelo selungiselelo selungiselelo lokuhamba konke kusezandleni zakho; Okwesibili, uma isivumelwano sisemagandeni e-FOB, uzoxhumana nenkampani yezokuthutha ekhethwe ngumthengi ngaphambi kwesikhathi, aqinisekise zonke izindleko ngokubhala. Isizathu salokhu sokuqala ukuvimbela inkampani yezokuhamba ukuthi ingashaja ngaphezulu ngemuva kokuthi izimpahla zithunyelwe; Okwesibili, uma kukhona okuthile okucasulayo kakhulu phakathi, uzophinda axoxisane nomthengi futhi futhi acele ukuguqula inkampani yezokuhamba noma acele umthengi ukuthi athwale iphrojekthi ethile yamacala.
03. Ukusebenzisana kahle nenkampani yezokuhamba
Imithwalo igcina imithwalo enkulu, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda inqubo yokusebenza yenkampani yezokuhamba. Uma behlela ngokuya ngezidingo zomkhumbi, le micimbi yomibili ibambisana ngokuqinile, hhayi kuphela kungagcina izindleko ezingadingekile, kepha futhi ingenza izimpahla zithunyelwe ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngakho-ke, yiziphi izici lezi zidingo ezibhekisa kuzo lezi?
Okokuqala, kuthengwa ukuthi i-Dessortor ingabhuka isikhala kusengaphambili futhi ilungiselele izimpahla ngesikhathi. Musa ukushesha ukubeka i-oda elilodwa noma ezimbili ngaphambi kosuku lokusika lwesheduli yokuthumela, futhi wazise inkampani yezokuhamba ngemuva kokuletha izimpahla endaweni yokugcina izimpahla noma idokodo. Abathumbi abayinkimbisiwe bayayazi izinqubo zabo zokusebenza futhi ngokuvamile bengafuni. Wethule ukuthi uhlelo olujwayelekile lwe-liner lusesontweni kanye ngesonto, futhi umnikazi wezimpahla kufanele abhukhe isikhala ngaphambi kwesikhathi futhi afake indawo yokugcina impahla ngokuya ngesikhathi esihlelwe yinkampani yezokuhamba. Akukuhle ukuletha izimpahla ekuseni kakhulu noma sekwephuze kakhulu. Ngoba usuku lokusika lomkhumbi owedlule alukho ngesikhathi, uma luhlehliselwa umkhumbi olandelayo, kuzoba nemali yokugcina eyeqile.
Okwesibili, ukuthi isimemezelo senkambiso sibushelelezi noma cha sihlobene ngqo nenkinga yezindleko. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi ethekwini laseShenzhen. Isibonelo, uma izimpahla zithunyelwa eHong Kong nge-port yezwe enjenge-man kamu kuya noma i-huanggang port ukubamba uhlelo lwesibili lokuthumela, uma i-computer condurance idluliselwa osukwini lokumemezela amakhesi ama-kong angama-3,000. Uma i-trailer ingumnqamulajuqu wokubamba umkhumbi wesibili ovela eHong Kong, futhi uma yehluleka ukuthola isheduli yokuthumela ngenxa yokubambezeleka kwesimemezelo se-Hong Kong kuzoba nzima uma kuthunyelwa ku-What. inombolo.
Okwesithathu, amadokhumenti okumemezela amasiko kufanele aguqulwe ngemuva kokushintsha kwesimo sangempela sokupakisha. Amasiko ngamunye anokuhlola okujwayelekile kwezimpahla. Uma amasiko ethola ukuthi inani langempela alihambisani nenani elimenyezelwe, lizovimba izimpahla ukuze ziphenywe. Akukhona ukuthi kuzoba nezimali zokuhlola kanye nezimali zokugcina ze-dock, kepha inhlawulo ebekwe yimasiko nakanjani ikwenza uzizwe udabukile isikhathi eside.
04. Khetha kahle inkampani yokuthumela kanye nomgwaqo wezimpahla
Manje zonke izinkampani ezidumile zokuthumela ezidumile zifike eChina, futhi wonke amachweba amakhulu anamahhovisi awo. Kuyiqiniso, kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza ibhizinisi nalaba bathumeli bomkhumbi: amandla abo aqinile, futhi imisebenzi yawo iqinile, futhi imisebenzi yawo ihleliwe. Futhi uma ungeyena umnikazi wezimpahla omkhulu futhi ungathola abanikazi bezimpahla eziphakathi nabo, ungathola abanikazi bezimpahla abaphakathi nendawo
Kwabanini bezimoto ezincane nabaphakathi, intengo yabanikazi abakhulu babiza kakhulu. Yize izingcaphuno ziphansi ukuze kudluliselwe umthwalo omncane kakhulu, kunzima ukuqinisekisa insizakalo ngenxa yamandla ayo anganele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, awekho amahhovisi amaningi ezweni elikhulu lenkampani enkulu yokuthumela, ngakho-ke wakhetha abanye abadlulayo abasezingeni eliphakathi nendawo. Okokuqala, intengo inengqondo, kanti okwesibili, ukubambisana kuthe xaxa ngemuva kokubambisana isikhathi eside.
Ngemuva kokubambisana nalaba bangaphambilini abaphakathi isikhathi eside, ungathola izici eziphansi kakhulu. Abanye abadlulayo bezimpahla bazokwazisa ngokweqiniso ngeqiniso intengo eyisisekelo, kanye nenzuzo encane, njengentengo yokuthengisa kumkhumbi. Emakethe yokuthumela, izinkampani ezahlukahlukene zokuthumela noma abadlulayo bezimpahla banezinzuzo zabo ezindleleni ezihlukile. Thola inkampani enenzuzo ekusebenzeni umzila othile, hhayi kuphela uhlelo lokuthumela luzosondela khona, kepha amanani abo okuhamba ngokuvamile ashibhile emakethe.
Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi uhlukanise ngokuya ngemakethe yakho yokuthumela ngaphandle. Isibonelo, izimpahla ezithunyelwa e-United States zidluliselwa enkampanini eyodwa, futhi izimpahla ezithunyelwa eYurophu zidluliselwa kwenye inkampani. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kudingeka ube nokuqonda okuthile kwemakethe yokuthumela.
05. Funda ukuvumelana nezinkampani zokuthumela
Akunandaba ukuthi incangu eyethulwe yinkampani yokuthumela noma yabasebenzi bebhizinisi bezimpahla lapho becela izimpahla kuphela inani eliphakeme kakhulu lenkampani, ungathola isaphulelo esingakanani ecaleni lakho lincike emandleni akho okuthola imali.
Ngokuvamile, ngaphambi kokwamukela izinga lokuhamba kwenkampani, ungabuza ngezinkampani eziningana ukuze uqonde izimo zamakethe eziyisisekelo. Isaphulelo esingatholwa kumbhalo wezimpahla ngokuvamile cishe amadola angama-50 aseMelika. Kusuka kuMthethosivivinywa Wokukhanyiswa Okhishwe yi-Freight Forwar, siyakwazi ukuthi ekugcineni wahlalisa yiphi inkampani. Ngokuzayo, uzothola leyo nkampani ngqo futhi athole isilinganiso esifanele sezingcingo.
Amakhono okuxoxisana nenkampani yokuthumela afaka:
1. Uma uyikhasimende elikhulu ngempela, ungasayina ngqo inkontileka naye bese ufaka isicelo samanani wezimpahla ancamelayo.
2. Thola amanani entengo ahlukene atholwe ngokumemezela amagama ahlukene ezithwa izimpahla. Izinkampani eziningi zokuthumela zikhokhisa ngokwahlukana kwezimpahla. Ezinye izimpahla zingaba nezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokuhlukaniswa. Isibonelo, i-citric acid ingabikwa njengokudla, ngoba izinto eziluhlaza zokwenza iziphuzo, futhi kungabikwa futhi njengento eluhlaza enamakhemikhali. Umehluko wamazinga wezimpahla phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezimpahla ungaba ngamadola ase-US angama-200.
3. Uma ungekho ngokushesha, ungakhetha umkhumbi ohamba kancane noma umkhumbi ongaqondile. Vele, lokhu kumele kube ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuthi akuthinteki ngesikhathi. Intengo yezimpahla emakethe yezimpahla zasolwandle iyaguquka ngezikhathi ezithile, kungcono ukuba nemininingwane ethile kulokhu. Bambalwa abathengisi abazothatha isinyathelo kuqala ukukwazisa ngokuncishiswa kwemithwalo. Vele, ngeke bahluleke ukukutshela lapho kukhuphuka izindleko zokuthumela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwabasebenzi bebhizinisi obajwayelene nabo, kufanele futhi unake "ukujwayela" kwelinye iqembu ngokuya ngamanani entengo.
06. Amakhono okuphatha izimpahla ze-LCL
Inqubo yokuhamba ye-LCL iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunaleyo ye-FCL, futhi izimpahla ziguquguquka nezimo. Kunezinkampani eziningi zokuthumela ezenza i-FCL, futhi intengo izoba sobala emakethe yokuthumela. Vele, i-LCL ibuye ibe nentengo evulekile yemakethe, kepha izindleko ezengeziwe zezinkampani ezahlukahlukene zokuhamba ziyehluka kakhulu, ngakho-ke intengo yohlu lwentengo yenkampani yezokuhamba izoba yingxenye yecala lokuhamba kuphela.
Into efanelekile, okokuqala, qinisekisa zonke izinto ezikhokhiswe ngokubhala ukuze ubone ukuthi izingcaphuno zabo ziyintengo ye-lump-sum, ukuze zivikele umthwali wokuthatha isinyathelo ngemuva kwalokho. Okwesibili, ukubala isisindo nosayizi wezimpahla ngokusobala ukuze uzivimbele ekuphazamiseni nalo.
Yize ezinye izinkampani zokuhamba zinikeza amanani aphansi, zivame ukukhulisa intengo efihlekile ngokweqile ngokwengeziwe ukweqa isisindo noma amacala osayizi. Okwesithathu, ukuthola inkampani esebenza ngokukhethekile ku-LCL. Lolu hlobo lwenkampani luhlangana ngqo neziqukathi, kanye nezimpahla kanye nama-surcharges abakhokhisa aphansi kakhulu kunaleyo yezinkampani eziphakathi.
Akunandaba nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, akulula ukuthola yonke imali. Ngiyethemba wonke umuntu angalonga okuningi ekuhambeni nasekukhulise inzuzo.
Isikhathi sePosi: Jun-07-2023
