01. Ujwayelene nomzila wezokuthutha
"Kubalulekile ukuqonda umzila wokuthutha olwandle."Isibonelo, emachwebeni aseYurophu, nakuba izinkampani eziningi zemikhumbi zinomehluko phakathi kwamachweba ayisisekelo namachweba angewona ayisisekelo, umehluko ezindlekweni zempahla okungenani uphakathi kwe-100-200 yamadola ase-US.Kodwa-ke, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkampani ezahlukene zemikhumbi kuzohluka.Ukwazi ukuhlukaniswa kwezinkampani ezahlukene kungathola inani lempahla yechweba eliyisisekelo ngokukhetha inkampani yezokuthutha.
Kwesinye isibonelo, kunezindlela ezimbili zokuhamba zamachweba ogwini olusempumalanga ye-United States: umgwaqo ogcwele amanzi kanye nebhuloho lomhlabathi, futhi umehluko wentengo phakathi kwalokhu okubili ungamadola angamakhulu ambalwa.Uma ungahlangabezani neshejuli yokuthumela, ungacela inkampani yemikhumbi indlela egcwele yomzila wamanzi.
02. Hlela ngokucophelela uhambo lokuqala lwezokuthutha
Kunezindleko ezihlukene zabanikazi bempahla ezwenikazi ukukhetha izindlela ezahlukene zokuthutha eziya phakathi nezwe."Ngokuvamile, intengo yokuthutha isitimela ingabizi kakhulu, kodwa izinqubo zokulethwa nokuthatha ziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ifanele ama-oda anamanani amakhulu kanye nesikhathi esifushane sokulethwa. Ukuthutha ngamaloli kulula kakhulu, isikhathi siyashesha, futhi intengo ibiza kancane kunezokuthutha ngesitimela.""Indlela ebiza kakhulu Indlela engcono kakhulu ukulayisha ngokuqondile isiqukathi efektri noma esitolo, esifanele kuphela lezo zinto ezintekenteke ezingafanele ukulayishwa kaningi futhi zilayishwe. Ngokuvamile, kungcono kakhulu ukungasebenzisi le ndlela."
Ngaphansi kwesimo se-FOB, siphinde sibandakanye ukuhlelwa kwezinto zokuhamba zomlenze wokuqala ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa.Abantu abaningi baye baba nesipiliyoni esinjalo esingajabulisi: ngaphansi kwemigomo ye-FOB, izindleko zokuthunyelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi ziyadida futhi azinayo imithetho.Ngenxa yokuthi kuyinkampani yokuthumela imikhumbi eqokwe umthengi ohambweni lwesibili, umthumeli akanakukhetha.
Izinkampani zemikhumbi ezihlukene zinezincazelo ezahlukene zalokhu.Ezinye zidinga umnikazi ukuthi akhokhe zonke izindleko ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa: imali yokupakisha, imali yedokodo, imali yenqola;abanye badinga kuphela ukukhokha imali ye-trailer ukusuka endaweni yokugcina impahla kuye endaweni yedokodo;ezinye zidinga inhlawulo eyengeziwe enkokhelweni ye-trailer ngokuya ngendawo yendawo yokugcina impahla..Lokhu kukhokhiswa kuvame ukweqa isabelomali sezindleko zempahla uma ucaphuna ngaleso sikhathi.
Isixazululo siwukuqinisekisa nekhasimende indawo yokuqala yezindleko zezinhlangothi zombili ngaphansi kwemibandela ye-FOB.Umthumeli ngokuvamile uzogcizelela ukuthi umthwalo wemfanelo wokulethwa kwezimpahla endaweni yokugcina impahla usuphelile.Ngokuqondene nemali yokudonsa isuka endaweni yokugcina impahla iye endaweni yokugcina impahla, imali yokugcina impahla, njll. konke kufakwe ezimpahleni zasolwandle zohambo lwesibili futhi kukhokhwa othunyiwe.
Ngakho-ke, okokuqala, lapho uxoxisana ngomyalelo, zama ukwenza isivumelwano ngemibandela ye-CIF, ukuze isinyathelo sokuhlelwa kokuthutha konke kusezandleni zakho;okwesibili, uma isivumelwano singemibandela ye-FOB, uzoxhumana nenkampani yezokuthutha eqokwe umthengi kusengaphambili, Qinisekisa zonke izindleko ngokubhala.Isizathu salokhu okokuqala ukuvimbela inkampani yezokuthutha ukuthi ikhokhise imali eyengeziwe ngemva kokuthunyelwa kwempahla;okwesibili, uma kukhona into embi kakhulu phakathi, uzophinde axoxisane nomthengi futhi acele ukushintsha inkampani yezokuthutha noma acele umthengi ukuthi athwale iphrojekthi yezindleko ezithile.
03. Sebenzisana kahle nenkampani yezokuthutha
Impahla ikakhulukazi igcina impahla, futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda inqubo yokusebenza kwenkampani yezokuthutha.Uma behlela ngokwezidingo zomthumeli, izinhlangothi zombili zibambisana ngokuthula, azigcini nje ngokulondoloza ezinye izindleko ezingadingekile, kodwa futhi zingenza izimpahla zithunyelwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.Ngakho, yiziphi izici lezi zidingo ezibhekisela kuzo?
Okokuqala, kuthenjwa ukuthi umthumeli angabhukha isikhala kusengaphambili futhi alungise izimpahla kusenesikhathi.Ungajahi ukufaka i-oda usuku olulodwa noma ezimbili ngaphambi kwedethi yokuvalwa yeshejuli yokuthumela, futhi wazise inkampani yezokuthutha ngemva kokuletha izimpahla endaweni yokugcina izimpahla noma edokweni uwedwa.Abathumeli bemikhumbi abayinkimbinkimbi bayazazi izinqubo zabo zokusebenza futhi ngokuvamile abazazi.Wethule ukuthi uhlelo olujwayelekile lwelayini luba kanye ngesonto, futhi umnikazi wempahla kufanele abhukhe isikhala kusenesikhathi futhi angene endaweni yokugcina impahla ngokwesikhathi esisihlelwe inkampani yezokuthutha.Akukuhle ukuletha izimpahla kusenesikhathi noma sekwephuze kakhulu.Ngenxa yokuthi usuku lokunqanyulwa komkhumbi odlule alukho ngesikhathi, uma uhlehliselwa umkhumbi olandelayo, kuzoba nemali yokuwugcina esekwedlule isikhathi.
Okwesibili, ukuthi isimemezelo se-custos siyashelela noma cha sihlobene ngokuqondile nendaba yezindleko.Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi echwebeni laseShenzhen.Isibonelo, uma izimpahla zithunyelwa e-Hong Kong ngechweba lomhlaba elifana ne-Man Kam To noma i-Huanggang Port ukuze kubanjwe isimiso sesibili sokuthumela, uma imvume ye-custos ingadluliswanga ngosuku lokumenyezelwa kwe-custos, inkampani edonsa iloli iyodwa izokwenza. biza i-3,000 Hong Kong dollar.Uma i-trailer kuwumnqamulajuqu wokubamba umkhumbi wesibili osuka e-Hong Kong, futhi uma yehluleka ukuhambisana neshejuli yokuthumela ngenxa yokubambezeleka kokumenyezelwa kwempahla, khona-ke imali yokulondoloza esidlulelwe yisikhathi etheminali yase-Hong Kong izoba nkulu kakhulu uma ithunyelwa esikhumulweni semikhumbi ngosuku olulandelayo ukuze ibambe umkhumbi olandelayo.inombolo.
Okwesithathu, imibhalo yesimemezelo samasiko kufanele ishintshwe ngemva kokushintsha kwesimo sangempela sokupakisha.I-custom ngayinye inokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwempahla.Uma amasiko ethola ukuthi inani langempela alihambisani nenani elishiwo, lizobamba izimpahla ukuze ziphenywe.Ngeke nje kube nezimali zokuhlola kanye nezimali zokugcina idokodo, kodwa izinhlawulo ezibekwe amasiko nakanjani zizokwenza uzizwe udabukile isikhathi eside.
04. Khetha kahle inkampani yokuthumela kanye nomthumeli wezimpahla
Manje zonke izinkampani zemikhumbi ezidumile emhlabeni sezifikile eShayina, futhi wonke amachweba amakhulu anamahhovisi azo.Yebo, kunezinzuzo eziningi zokwenza ibhizinisi nalaba banikazi bemikhumbi: amandla abo aqinile, insizakalo yabo yinhle kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kwabo kusezingeni. Nokho, uma ungeyena umnikazi wempahla omkhulu futhi ungakwazi ukuthola amanani akhethekile okuthutha kubo, wena. ingase futhi ithole abanikazi bemikhumbi abaphakathi nendawo noma abathumeli bempahla
Kubanikazi bempahla abancane nabamaphakathi, intengo yabanikazi bemikhumbi emikhulu ibiza kakhulu.Nakuba ikhotheshini iphansi kumthumeli wempahla encane kakhulu, kunzima ukuqinisekisa isevisi ngenxa yamandla ayo anganele.Ngaphezu kwalokho, awekho amahhovisi amaningi ezwenikazi lenkampani enkulu yemikhumbi, ngakho wakhetha abathumeli bempahla abaphakathi nendawo.Okokuqala, intengo inengqondo, futhi okwesibili, ukubambisana kuthule ngemva kokubambisana isikhathi eside.
Ngemva kokubambisana nalaba badluliseli abaphakathi isikhathi eside, ungathola impahla ephansi kakhulu.Abanye abathumeli bempahla bazokwazisa ngokweqiniso inani eliyisisekelo, kanye nenzuzo encane, njengentengo yokuthengisela umthumeli.Emakethe yemikhumbi, izinkampani zemikhumbi ezihlukene noma abathumeli bempahla banezinzuzo zabo emizileni ehlukene.Thola inkampani enenzuzo ekusebenziseni umzila othile, ngeke nje kuphela ukuthi uhlelo lokuthumela lube seduze, kodwa amanani abo wempahla ngokuvamile ashibhe kakhulu emakethe.
Ngakho-ke, kuyanconywa ukuthi uhlukanise ngokwemakethe yakho yokuthekelisa.Isibonelo, izimpahla ezithunyelwa e-United States zinikezwa inkampani eyodwa, futhi izimpahla ezithunyelwa eYurophu zinikezwa enye inkampani.Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukuqonda okuthile ngemakethe yemikhumbi.
05. Funda ukuxoxisana nezinkampani zemikhumbi
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhotheshini eyethulwa inkampani yezokuthutha noma izisebenzi zebhizinisi zomthumeli wezimpahla lapho ucela izimpahla kuyinani eliphezulu lempahla kuphela lenkampani, ukuthi singakanani isaphulelo ongasithola ngenani lomthwalo wempahla kuncike ekhonweni lakho lokuhwebelana.
Ngokuvamile, ngaphambi kokwamukela isilinganiso sempahla senkampani, ungabuza nezinkampani ezimbalwa ukuze uqonde izimo zemakethe eziyisisekelo.Isaphulelo esingatholwa kumthumeli wempahla ngokuvamile singamadola angama-50 ase-US.Kusuka kumthethosivivinywa wokuthutha okhishwe umthumeli wezimpahla, singakwazi ukwazi ukuthi iyiphi inkampani agcina esehlalile nayo.Ngokuzayo, uzothola leyo nkampani ngokuqondile futhi athole inani eliqondile lempahla.
Amakhono okuxoxisana nenkampani yokuthumela afaka:
1. Uma ngempela uyikhasimende elikhulu, ungakwazi ukusayina inkontileka naye ngokuqondile futhi ufake isicelo sezilinganiso zempahla ezikhethwayo.
2. Thola amanani ahlukene wempahla atholwe ngokumemezela amagama empahla ehlukene.Izinkampani eziningi zemikhumbi zikhokhisa ngokuhlukene izimpahla.Ezinye izimpahla zingaba nezindlela ezihlukene zokuhlukanisa.Isibonelo, i-citric acid ingabikwa njengokudla, ngoba iyimpahla eluhlaza yokwenza iziphuzo, futhi ingabikwa njengekhemikhali eluhlaza.Umehluko wesilinganiso sempahla phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zezimpahla ungaba ngamadola angama-200 ase-US.
3. Uma ungajahile, ungakhetha umkhumbi ohamba kancane noma umkhumbi ongaqondile.Yiqiniso, lokhu kufanele kube ngaphansi kwesisekelo sokuthi akuthinti ukufika ngesikhathi.Intengo yempahla emakethe yezimpahla zasolwandle iyashintsha ngezikhathi ezithile, kungcono ukuba nolwazi oluthile mayelana nalokhu ngokwakho.Bambalwa abathengisi abazothatha isinyathelo sokukwazisa ngokuncishiswa kwempahla.Yebo, ngeke behluleke ukukutshela uma izindleko zokuthumela zikhuphuka.Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwabasebenzi bebhizinisi ojwayelene nabo, kufanele futhi unake "ukwaziwa" kolunye uhlangothi mayelana nezindleko zempahla.
06. Amakhono okuphatha izimpahla ze-LCL
Inqubo yezokuthutha ye-LCL iyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunaleyo ye-FCL, futhi umthwalo uyavumelana nezimo.Kunezinkampani eziningi zokuthumela ezenza i-FCL, futhi intengo izobonakala ngokuqhathaniswa emakethe yokuthumela.Yiqiniso, i-LCL nayo inenani lemakethe elivulekile, kodwa izindleko ezengeziwe zezinkampani zokuthutha ezihlukahlukene zihluka kakhulu, ngakho-ke intengo yempahla ohlwini lwamanani enkampani yezokuthutha izoba yingxenye yenkokhiso yokugcina.
Okufanelekile ukuthi, okokuqala, qinisekisa zonke izinto ezikhokhiswa ngokubhaliwe ukuze ubone ukuthi ikhotheshini yazo iyisamba senani eliyisamba, ukuze uvimbele ophethe ukuthi athathe isinyathelo ngemva kwalokho.Okwesibili, ukubala isisindo nosayizi wezimpahla ngokucacile ukuvimbela ukuthi zingayiphazamisi.
Nakuba ezinye izinkampani zokuthutha zinikeza amanani aphansi, ngokuvamile zinyusa intengo ngokucasha ngokwenza ihaba ngezindleko zesisindo noma usayizi.Okwesithathu, ukuthola inkampani esebenza nge-LCL.Lolu hlobo lwenkampani luhlanganisa ngokuqondile iziqukathi, futhi izimpahla nezindleko ezingeziwe abazikhokhisayo ziphansi kakhulu kunezinkampani eziphakathi nendawo.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kunini, akulula ukuthola yonke isenti.Ngethemba ukuthi wonke umuntu angonga okwengeziwe kwezokuthutha futhi andise inzuzo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-07-2023
